Cannabis cultivation is a blend of art and science, where experienced growers continually fine-tune their techniques for optimal yields and plant health. Among the myriad cultivation methods, two techniques stand out for their effectiveness and simplicity: Low Stress Training (LST) and Topping. Both methods aim to optimize light penetration and airflow, leading to higher yields and healthier plants. This blog serves as an introductory guide to these fundamental techniques and provides tips for implementing them successfully.
The Need for Training Techniques
Cannabis plants naturally grow in a Christmas tree-like shape, with one dominant central stem known as the main cola. While this structure might be ideal in the wild, it can be inefficient for indoor cultivation or controlled outdoor settings. The main cola tends to overshadow the lower branches, limiting their access to light and reducing overall yield. Training techniques like LST and Topping help redistribute this light, ensuring even growth and maximizing bud production.
Low Stress Training (LST)
What is LST?
Low Stress Training is a technique that involves gently bending and tying down branches to alter the plant’s natural growth pattern. As the name suggests, it’s a “low-stress” method, meaning it doesn’t involve cutting or removing parts of the plant, thereby minimizing stress and risk of infection.
How to Implement LST:
Identify Branches: Start by identifying the branches that can be bent downwards without breaking. Younger, more flexible branches are usually ideal candidates.
Gentle Bending: Gently bend the branch towards the soil and secure it using soft plant ties. Make sure the tie is not too tight; you don't want to constrict growth.
Direction: Direct the branches in a way that opens up the plant, allowing more light to reach the lower branches and encouraging even growth.
Ongoing Care: As the plant grows, you may need to adjust the ties and possibly add more to maintain the desired shape.
Benefits:
Increases light exposure, improving yield.
Minimizes plant stress compared to other high-stress training methods.
Allows for better airflow, reducing the risk of mold and pests.
Topping
What is Topping?
Topping is a high-stress training technique that involves cutting off the top of the main stem of the cannabis plant, just above the node where a new pair of leaves are growing. This action encourages the plant to grow two new main colas instead of one, increasing the potential for more bud sites.
How to Implement Topping:
Wait for the Right Time: It’s essential to wait until the plant has at least 4-6 nodes before topping to ensure it's strong enough to handle the stress.
Identify the Cut Point: Locate the newest node at the top of the plant and plan to make a clean cut about one inch above it.
Make the Cut: Using sterile scissors or pruning shears, make a clean, diagonal cut. This is to minimize stress and reduce the area exposed to potential infection.
Post-Care: After topping, it’s essential to monitor the plant closely for any signs of stress and ensure it receives adequate water and nutrients.
Benefits:
Increases the number of main colas, leading to more substantial yields.
Creates a bushier plant structure, making it ideal for indoor grow spaces.
Encourages more even canopy development.
Considerations:
Plant Health: Ensure your plants are healthy before implementing these techniques. Stressed or sick plants may not respond well to additional stressors.
Timing: While LST can be done throughout the vegetative and early flowering stages, Topping should only be performed during the vegetative stage.
Sterilization: Always use sterilized tools to minimize the risk of infection, especially when topping.
Conclusion
Low Stress Training and Topping are techniques designed to make the most out of your cannabis cultivation efforts. By understanding how to properly implement these methods, you can significantly improve your plants' health, yield, and overall quality. Both techniques have their own set of benefits and considerations, so it’s crucial to assess your plants and growing conditions before diving in. Happy growing!
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